With reference to the legal transition across the Vedic era, how did the customary judicial compensation system shift between the early and later phases?

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In the Rigvedic phase, justice was localized. Serious offenses were settled via Vairadeya (blood-money or compensation calculated in cows paid to the family of the victim to prevent blood feuds). As kingship grew into a territorial power in the Later Vedic phase, the institutional concept of Danda emerged, establishing the monarch as the supreme enforcer of law who punished crimes directly on behalf of the state.

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