In the macroeconomic life described across early and later Vedic text layers, what were the precise agricultural crops denoted by the traditional terms Yava and Vrihi?

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In Rigvedic literature, Yava (barley) was the principal grain cultivated by pastoral groups. In the Later Vedic period, as communities cleared the humid forests of the Gangetic plain, rice cultivation became highly stabilized, and the crop was technically recorded in later texts as Vrihi, forming a new staple diet.

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