The landmark philosophical debate where the brilliant female scholar Gargi Vachaknavi aggressively challenges the sage Yajnavalkya at the court of King Janaka regarding the ultimate source of reality is preserved in which Upanishad?

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The high-stakes metaphysical duel between Gargi and Yajnavalkya is recorded in the Brihadaranyaka Upanishad (Third Adhyaya). Gargi poses profound questions probing what the cosmos is woven back-and-forth across, establishing that women held top-tier status within the elite intellectual and philosophical academies of the late Vedic phase.

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