With reference to the agrarian and economic structure of early medieval Rajput kingdoms, consider the following statements:
1. The practice of 'Bhogta' or land assignments to secular officials led to the decline of traditional peasant ownership rights.
2. Trade and urbanisation witnessed a significant boom during this period due to the centralized revenue collection by the central monarchy.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

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Accepted Answer

Statement 1 is correct because the continuous transfer of fiscal and judicial rights to secular and religious grantees (Bhogtas/Samantas) degraded the status of peasants to tenants. Statement 2 is incorrect because early medieval feudalism initially led to de-urbanisation and a decline in long-distance trade, as economy became heavily localized and decentralized.

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