The profound shift in Sikhism from a purely pacifist spiritual movement to a highly militarized and martial one was symbolically marked by the donning of two swords representing 'Miri' (temporal/political power) and 'Piri' (spiritual authority). Which Sikh Guru introduced this crucial concept?

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Following the martyrdom of his father Guru Arjan Dev, the 6th Guru, Guru Hargobind, realized the need for armed self-defense. He introduced the concept of Miri and Piri, established the Akal Takht (Throne of the Timeless One) opposite the Harmandir Sahib, and began training a Sikh standing army.

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