Consider the following statements about the 'Surat' factory disputes:
1. The English were initially discouraged from building factories in Surat by local Mughal governors.
2. The Portuguese naval presence was a major hurdle for the English to establish their initial hold in Surat.
3. The English ultimately gained permission to trade in Surat only after naval victories against the Portuguese.
Which are correct?

Question

Consider the following statements about the 'Surat' factory disputes:
1. The English were initially discouraged from building factories in Surat by local Mughal governors.
2. The Portuguese naval presence was a major hurdle for the English to establish their initial hold in Surat.
3. The English ultimately gained permission to trade in Surat only after naval victories against the Portuguese. 
Which are correct?

Accepted Answer

All statements are correct. The naval battles (Battle of Swally) were crucial in convincing Mughals of British maritime strength.

Answer

Answer