The geopolitical ascension of Magadha over all rival Mahajanapadas was secured by distinct ecological, economic, and strategic factors. Which of the following selections captures these explicit advantages accurately?

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Magadha held unmatched geographical triggers. The iron mines in the Rajgir and Gaya belt allowed its rulers to forge superior weapons and agricultural equipment. Its capitals were protected: Rajgriha by five defensive hills and Pataliputra by rivers (Jaladurga). Crucially, Magadha capitalized on its dense eastern forests to capture and train war elephants, which crushed enemy infantry and ramparts.

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