Consider the following statements regarding the early market regulation and fiscal architecture inside powerful monarchies during the sixth century BCE:
1. Urban marketplace extractions were monitored by specialized officers called Sansthadhyakshas who checked currency validation standard tokens.
2. State laws prohibited the hoarding of essential grain commodities during seasons of scarcity, long before the ultimate rise of Mauryan price control protocols.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

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Both statements are correct. The expansion of the urban economy during the Mahajanapadas era demanded specialized administrative oversight. Long before the total crystallization of state planning under Kautilyas guidelines, territorial monarchies deployed officers like the Sansthadhyaksha to prevent guild monopoly spikes, test silver ratios in early punch-marked coins, and penalize illegal grain hoarding inside regional capitals.

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