In which landmark judgment did the Supreme Court of India rule that the right to die with dignity is a fundamental right under Article 21, thereby legalizing passive euthanasia and living wills?

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While the Aruna Shanbaug case (2011) initially allowed passive euthanasia under strict guidelines, it was the Common Cause case (2018) where a 5-judge Constitution Bench explicitly declared the 'right to die with dignity' as an integral part of Article 21 and legalized advanced medical directives (Living Wills). Gian Kaur case (1996) had previously ruled that the right to life does not include the right to die regarding active suicide.

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