With reference to the Directive Principles of State Policy (DPSP) in India, consider the following statements:
1. Any amendment to the DPSPs requires a constitutional amendment passed by a simple majority in both Houses of Parliament.
2. Article 31C, introduced by the 25th Constitutional Amendment Act of 1971, protected laws giving effect to certain DPSPs from being declared void on the grounds of violating fundamental rights.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

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Statement 1 is incorrect: To amend the Directive Principles of State Policy, a constitutional amendment under Article 368 is required, which must be passed by a special majority of both Houses of Parliament (not a simple majority). Statement 2 is correct: The 25th Amendment Act of 1971 added Article 31C, which provided that laws enacted to implement certain Directive Principles cannot be challenged or declared void on the ground of violating fundamental rights under Articles 14, 19, or 31.

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