Which of the following provisions can be amended by a simple majority of the Parliament? 1. Abolition or creation of legislative councils in states. 2. Salaries and allowances of the President, Governors, and Judges. 3. Matters related to the Seventh Schedule. Select the correct answer using the code given below:

Explanation

Provisions 1 and 2 can be amended by a simple majority of Parliament. The abolition or creation of legislative councils (under Article 169) and the Second Schedule (which contains emoluments, allowances, and privileges of the President, Governors, Speakers, Judges, etc.) require only a simple majority. However, any amendment to the Seventh Schedule (which deals with the distribution of legislative powers between the Union and States) cannot be done by a simple majority; it requires a special majority of Parliament along with the ratification of at least half of the state legislatures.