Consider the following statements: 1. In 1993, the National Commission for Backward Classes Act was passed for backward classes. 2. The provision of the 'carry forward rule' in backlog vacancies adopts the ideology of protecting the underrepresented class. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

Explanation

According to the Supreme Court's direction in the Mandal case (1992), the Government of India passed the National Commission for Backward Classes Act, 1993, under which a National Commission was established. Hence, statement 1 is correct (Note: in 2018, the National Commission for Backward Classes Act, 1993 was repealed). Regarding backlog vacancies, the decision was also overridden under the 81st Constitutional Amendment Act, 2000 on the grounds of protecting the underrepresented classes, enabling the state to treat backlog vacancies as separate vacancies. Hence, statement 2 is correct.