With reference to 'Equality before Law' and 'Equal Protection of Laws', consider the following statements: 1. Article 14 prohibits any discrimination against any person under any circumstances because it relates to equality before law and equal protection of laws. 2. 'Equality before Law' is a positive concept, while 'Equal Protection of Laws' is a negative concept. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

Explanation

Statement 1 is incorrect because Article 14 does not prohibit discrimination in all circumstances; it allows for reasonable classification (reasonable discrimination is allowed for welfare and equalizing opportunities). Statement 2 is incorrect because 'Equality before Law' is a negative concept (absence of special privileges in favor of any individual), whereas 'Equal Protection of Laws' is a positive concept (equal treatment under equal circumstances). Therefore, option (d) is the correct answer.