Which of the following elements of the Indian Constitution requires a special majority of the Parliament along with the ratification of half of the state legislatures for its amendment under Article 368?

Explanation

Amendments that affect the federal structure of the nation, such as the distribution of legislative powers (Seventh Schedule), the election of the President, or the extent of the executive power of the Union and States, require the strict approval of half of the state legislatures alongside the parliamentary special majority.