The constitutional maxim "what cannot be done directly, cannot be done indirectly" forms the bedrock of which of the following judicial doctrines often deployed to protect Part III from legislative overreach?

Explanation

The 'Doctrine of Colorable Legislation' tests the competence of the legislature. If a legislature does not possess the power to make a law on a particular subject directly, or if it tries to bypass a constitutional limitation (such as abridging fundamental rights under Article 13) by disguising the statute to look like it is within its bounds, courts will pierce the legislative veil to strike it down as a colorable exercise of power.